Methodology

Every number
has a reason.

ASCEND derives every dose from the same volumetric dilution formula used in clinical pharmacology. The math is open. The sources are cited. Nothing is approximated.

The Reconstitution Formula
01
Concentration
C = (S × 1000) ÷ V
CConcentration in μg/mL
SVial strength in mg
VBAC water added in mL
02
Draw Volume
D = d ÷ C
DDraw volume in mL
dDesired dose in μg
CConcentration from Step 1
03
Syringe Draw (IU)
IU = D × 100
IUSyringe draw in insulin units
DDraw volume in mL from Step 2
100Units per mL on a U-100 syringe
Complete Formula — Cited Reference
Concentration (μg/mL) = Vial Strength (mg) × 1000 ÷ BAC Water (mL)
Draw Volume (mL) = Desired Dose (μg) ÷ Concentration (μg/mL)
Syringe Draw (IU) = Draw Volume (mL) × 100
How Presets Are Sourced
I
Clinical Trial Data
Starting doses for GLP-1 agonists (Retatrutide, Tirzepatide, Semaglutide) are sourced directly from published Phase 2 and Phase 3 trial protocols in the NEJM, The Lancet, and ClinicalTrials.gov.
II
Lab Verification
Batch data cross-referenced against independent third-party analytical lab reports (HPLC purity, mass spectrometry identity) from BTLabs and Janoshik to confirm vial concentrations match labeled values.
III
Conservative Defaults
Where clinical data is limited, ASCEND defaults to the lowest commonly-used research dose with a standard 2 mL reconstitution volume. Defaults are reviewed and updated with each new batch cycle.
Retatrutide (LY3437943)
Dose parameters derived from Jastreboff et al. (2023), NEJM Phase 2 trial — 1 mg, 4 mg, 8 mg, 12 mg weekly escalation protocol. Starting dose: 1 mg subcutaneous weekly.
Semaglutide
Dose parameters derived from the STEP-1 trial (Wilding et al., 2021) and SUSTAIN-1 trial. Standard escalation: 0.25 mg → 0.5 mg → 1 mg → 2 mg over 16 weeks.
BPC-157 & TB-500
Doses derived from peer-reviewed animal model studies and established research community protocols. No human clinical trial data is currently available; presets represent conservative starting points.
Stability & Storage — Top 10 Peptides

Peptide stability is the most misunderstood variable in reconstitution. The figures below represent conservative research estimates based on published stability studies. All reconstituted values assume bacteriostatic water and storage at 2–8°C protected from light.

Peptide Lyophilized Reconstituted Notes
Semaglutide
GLP-1 Agonist
24 months
−20°C
 56 days Fatty acid modification significantly extends reconstituted stability vs. native GLP-1 peptides.
Tirzepatide
GIP/GLP-1 Agonist
24 months
−20°C
 28 days Keep refrigerated immediately after reconstitution. Do not freeze reconstituted solution.
Retatrutide
GIP/GLP-1/Glucagon
24 months
−20°C
 28 days Triple agonist. Limited independent stability data; estimate based on structural similarity to tirzepatide.
BPC-157
Gastric Pentadecapeptide
36 months
−20°C
 28 days One of the more stable research peptides reconstituted. BAC water preferred over sterile water.
TB-500
Thymosin Beta-4 Fragment
24 months
−20°C
 14 days Sensitive to repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Reconstitute smaller aliquots if dosing infrequently.
Ipamorelin
GHRP / GHS
24 months
−20°C
 14 days Short peptide (5 amino acids). Stable with BAC water at 4°C. Avoid light exposure.
CJC-1295 (No-DAC)
GHRH Analogue
24 months
−20°C
 14 days No-DAC form is less stable than DAC variant but has shorter half-life by design. Use within 2 weeks.
PT-141
Melanocortin Agonist
24 months
−20°C
 30 days Bremelanotide analogue. Relatively robust once reconstituted. Standard refrigeration sufficient.
GHK-Cu
Copper Peptide
24 months
−20°C
 14 days Light-sensitive; store in amber vial or dark refrigerator. The copper complex is stable but photo-degrades.
NAD⁺
Coenzyme
18 months
−20°C
 24–48 hrs Highly unstable post-reconstitution. Prepare fresh doses. Do not reconstitute more than needed for immediate use.
Verification Standard
HPLC
Purity Analysis
High-performance liquid chromatography confirms peptide purity as a percentage of the total sample. ASCEND references batches with ≥98% purity for preset calibration.
MS
Identity Verification
Mass spectrometry confirms molecular identity by matching the measured mass-to-charge ratio against the theoretical molecular weight of the target peptide sequence.
CoA
Certificate of Analysis
Full certificates from BTLabs and Janoshik are published in the ASCEND CoA Database. Each certificate includes the analyst name, test date, method, and batch identifier.
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